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Style:
Hua Quan
Description:
This style is believed to have originated in Jining in the
Shandong Province. It is said that during the Kaiyuan reign
of the Tang dynasty (731-741 A.D.) there existed a Mount Hua
knight, named Cai Mao, who was famous for his prowess in combat
and swordplay. Apparently Cia Mao had killed an enemy, a noble
of the Chang'an family, and had to go in hiding to escape
the families wrath.
400
years later Cai's descendants, Cai Tai and Cai Gang, emerged.
Both were also proficient in combat and competed often in
local and national contests. It was Cai Tai and Cai Gang that
eventually developed their style into the present-day Hua
Quan.
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However,
it was Cai Wanzhi of Jining that put the finishing touches
on Hua Quan during the reign of Jaiqing of the Ming dynasty
(1522-1566 A.D.) by writing the book The Secrets of Hua Quan.
Cai Wanzhi had based the book on the traditional philosophy
of combining spirit, breath, and ego.
In
1877, during Emperor Guangxu reign of the Qing dynasty, Cai
Guiqin, grandson of one of the few remaining martial artists
of Caixing, was born. He was very fond of martial arts as
a little boy and he learned the fighting arts from his grandfather.
But after his grandfather's death, he was forced into poverty
and had to move away from Caixing to a district outside the
southern gate of the city wall of Jining. It was there that
he met Ding Yushan, a well-known expert in the Shandong Province
for his mastery of Hua Quan. It was this fortuitous encounter
that enabled Cia Moa's distant descendant, Cia Guiqin to continue
the family tradition. After three years of training with Ding,
Cai eventually became a contemporary Hua Quan master during
the late Qing dynasty.
In
1897 Cai Guiqin traveled in the Southern regions of China
where he would eventually meet Qiu Jin, a woman revolutionary
with whom he discussed and further refined his knowledge martial
arts. Interestingly enough, Qiu Jin would later participate
in a revolt in Shanghai in 1906.
In
1920 Cai Guiqin would meet with Dr. Sun Yat-sen before going
to teach martial arts to government officials in the headquarters
of the Republic in Guangzhou. After the death of Sun, Cai
went on traveling before settling in Shanghai for the rest
of his life. Hua Quan was spread as he traveled through Hubei,
Jiangxi, Hunan, and Henan provinces and thus many scholars
attribute the modern proliferation of Huan Quan to him. In
many ways the development of Hua Quan is a great example of
how deeply family traditions run in China and the important
role these traditions have had in developing its culture,
as well as martial arts.
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